Volkswagen Golf Service & Repair Manual: Pressure and boiling point
| The boiling points given in the table below are always based
on an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar. If the pressure on a liquid
is changed, its boiling point changes also. |
| It is well known that, for example, the lower the pressure,
the lower the temperature at which water boils. |
| The vapour pressure curves for water and for refrigerant
R134a show that at constant pressure and falling temperature the
vapour becomes liquid (in the condenser), and that when pressure
drops, the refrigerant changes from liquid into the vapour state
(evaporator). |
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| Vapour pressure curve for water |
| C - |
Vapour pressure curve for water |
| 1 - |
Pressure on the liquid in bar (absolute) |
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| Vapour pressure curve for refrigerant R134a |
| D - |
Vapour pressure curve for refrigerant R134a |
| 1 - |
Pressure on the liquid in bar (absolute) |
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Every material consists of a mass of moving molecules. The fast moving
molecules of a warmer material loose part of their energy to slower molecules
possessing less heat. This slows down the molec ...
The vapour pressure table for each refrigerant is published
in the literature for refrigeration engineers. This table shows
the vapour pressure exerted on the liquid ...
Other materials:
Wheel bolt caps
Fig. 221 Removing the wheel bolt caps
First read and observe the introductory information
and safety warnings
Take the wire hook from the vehicle toolkit.
Insert the hook through the opening in the cap and pull off in the direction
of the arrow.
The caps protect the wheel bolts a ...
Safety precautions when working on subframe
It is not permitted to carry out welding and straightening
operations on load-bearing or wheel-guiding suspension
components.
Always renew corroded nuts and bolts.
Bonded rubber bushes can be twisted only to ...
Charging battery
Prerequisites:
WARNING
It is not permissible to test or charge batteries
whose magic eye shows light yellow. Do not slave/jump
start the vehicle!
Danger of ex ...
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Heat always flows from warmer to colder material
Vapour pressure table for refrigerant R134a