Volkswagen Golf Service & Repair Manual: Vapour pressure table for refrigerant R134a
The vapour pressure table for each refrigerant is published
in the literature for refrigeration engineers. This table shows
the vapour pressure exerted on the liquid column in the
container for a given temperature of the container. |
Since a characteristic vapour pressure table is known for
every refrigerant, one can determine what refrigerant is present
by measuring pressure and temperature. |
Note
Absolute pressure means that 0 bar corresponds to an
absolute vacuum. The normal ambient pressure (positive pressure)
corresponds to 1 bar absolute pressure. On most pressure gauges,
a reading of 0 bar corresponds to an absolute pressure of one
bar (which is confirmed by the existence of a -1 bar marking
beneath the 0 scale marking). |
|
|
|
Temperature in °C |
Pressure in
bar (positive pressure) R134a |
-45 |
-0.61 |
-40 |
-0.49 |
-35 |
-0.34 |
-30 |
-0.16 |
-25 |
0.06 |
-20 |
0.32 |
-15 |
0.63 |
-10 |
1.00 |
-5 |
1.43 |
0 |
1.92 |
5 |
2.49 |
10 |
3.13 |
15 |
3.90 |
20 |
4.70 |
25 |
5.63 |
30 |
6.70 |
35 |
7.83 |
40 |
9.10 |
45 |
10.54 |
50 |
12.11 |
55 |
13.83 |
60 |
15.72 |
65 |
17.79 |
70 |
20.05 |
75 |
22.52 |
80 |
25.21 |
85 |
28.14 |
90 |
31.34 |
The boiling points given in the table below are always based
on an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar. If the pressure on a liquid
is changed, its boiling point changes al ...
Air conditioners in vehicles use the evaporation and
condensation process. The system contains a liquid with a low
boiling point, called the refrigerant.
...
Other materials:
Vehicles with multilink suspension
The connecting pipe can be cut through at the cutting point
in order to renew the centre and rear silencers separately.
Cutting point is marked by an indentation on circumference
of exhaust pipe.
Special tools and ...
Removing and installing wheel bearing housing
Special tools and workshop equipment required
Ball joint puller -3287A-
Spreader -3424-
Ball joint puller -T10187-
Torque wrench -V.A.G 1332-
Engine and gearbox jack -V.A.G 1383 A-
Angl ...
Installing gearbox
Install in reverse order of removal, observing the
following:
Note
Renew bolts which are tightened by turning through a
specified angle.
Renew self-locking nuts and bolts, and seals, O-rings an ...
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