Volkswagen Golf Service & Repair Manual: Vapour pressure table for refrigerant R134a
| The vapour pressure table for each refrigerant is published
in the literature for refrigeration engineers. This table shows
the vapour pressure exerted on the liquid column in the
container for a given temperature of the container. |
| Since a characteristic vapour pressure table is known for
every refrigerant, one can determine what refrigerant is present
by measuring pressure and temperature. |
 Note
| Absolute pressure means that 0 bar corresponds to an
absolute vacuum. The normal ambient pressure (positive pressure)
corresponds to 1 bar absolute pressure. On most pressure gauges,
a reading of 0 bar corresponds to an absolute pressure of one
bar (which is confirmed by the existence of a -1 bar marking
beneath the 0 scale marking). |
|
|
|
|
Temperature in °C |
Pressure in
bar (positive pressure) R134a |
| -45 |
-0.61 |
| -40 |
-0.49 |
| -35 |
-0.34 |
| -30 |
-0.16 |
| -25 |
0.06 |
| -20 |
0.32 |
| -15 |
0.63 |
| -10 |
1.00 |
| -5 |
1.43 |
| 0 |
1.92 |
| 5 |
2.49 |
| 10 |
3.13 |
| 15 |
3.90 |
| 20 |
4.70 |
| 25 |
5.63 |
| 30 |
6.70 |
| 35 |
7.83 |
| 40 |
9.10 |
| 45 |
10.54 |
| 50 |
12.11 |
| 55 |
13.83 |
| 60 |
15.72 |
| 65 |
17.79 |
| 70 |
20.05 |
| 75 |
22.52 |
| 80 |
25.21 |
| 85 |
28.14 |
| 90 |
31.34 |
The boiling points given in the table below are always based
on an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar. If the pressure on a liquid
is changed, its boiling point changes al ...
Air conditioners in vehicles use the evaporation and
condensation process. The system contains a liquid with a low
boiling point, called the refrigerant.
...
Other materials:
Repairs to CAN bus wiring
An unshielded two-wire line -1-
and -2- with a cross section of
0.35 mm2 or 0.5 mm2
is used for CAN bus wiring.
The colour codes of the CAN bus wiring can be gleaned from
the following table:
...
Checking exhaust system for leaks
Procedure
–
Start engine and run at idling speed.
–
Seal end exhaust pipes with cloths or plugs, for example,
for the duration of the leakage test.
–
Check (by l ...
Charging, replacing, disconnecting and connecting the vehicle battery
First read and observe the introductory information
and safety warnings Charging the battery
The vehicle battery should be charged by a qualified workshop, as the technology
used in factory-fitted batteries requires voltage-limited charging . Volkswagen
recommends using a Volkswagen deal ...
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Pressure and boiling point
Refrigerant R134a