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Volkswagen Golf Service & Repair Manual: Distribution of the refrigerant circuit components and their influence on the high-pressure and low-pressure sides

Volkswagen Golf Service & Repair Manual / Air conditioning system with refrigerant R134a / General information on refrigerant circuit / Refrigerant circuit components / Distribution of the refrigerant circuit components and their influence on the high-pressure and low-pressure sides

On the high-pressure side, there are the condenser, the receiver and the restrictor or expansion valve that acts as the separation between the high-pressure fluid and low-pressure fluid sides.
High pressure is created because the restrictor or expansion valve forms a restriction and holds back the refrigerant, leading to increased pressure and temperature.
Excessive pressure results if the circuit is filled with too much refrigerant or refrigerant oil, or the condenser is dirty, the radiator fan is defective, there is a blockage in the system or there is moisture in the refrigerant circuit (causing the restrictor or expansion valve to ice up).
On the low-pressure side, there are the evaporator, the reservoir, the temperature sensor for the evaporator and the air conditioner compressor that acts as the separation between the high-pressure and low-pressure gas sides.
A loss of pressure in the system can be due to loss of refrigerant, restrictor or expansion valve failure (not creating a restriction), defective air conditioner compressor or an iced-up evaporator.
   
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