Volkswagen Golf Service & Repair Manual: Undulations
| Radial depressions are slight concavities in the tyre
sidewall. |
| They run from the bead towards the shoulder of the tyre.
These parts appear in the figure
→ Fig.. |
| The cause is the accumulation of material at the joints of
the tyre components. |
| Undulations have no effect on: |
| Other characteristics of the tyre. |
| Undulations are visible to varying extents. It is not
necessary to inspect the tyre or remove it from the rim. |
| Modern steel belted tyres are constructed with single-ply
side walls to save weight. |
| The sidewall components consist of long strips before they
are joined together to form a tyre. They must overlap at the
joints. Consequently, slight irregularities or waves are created
in the area of the overlapping parts. The overlaps are easier to
see from the outside due to the single-ply construction. |
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Saw-tooth wear
What is a flat spot?
The terms flat area and flats are also used for the term
flat spot.
Flat spots caused by storage or handl ...
This type of flat spots may be caused by hard braking on a
rough surface such as a tarmac road.
During this type of braking manoeuv ...
Other materials:
Removing and installing fog light, GTI and GTD
Note
Removal and installation are described for the left side.
Removal and installation on the right side are carried out in
the same way.
Removing
–
Switch off ignition.
...
Removing and installing seat adjustment operating unit -E470-/-E471-
Note
Removal and installation are described for the left vehicle
side. Follow same instructions for the right side as
appropriate.
Special tools and workshop equipment
required
...
Washing the vehicle with a high-pressure cleaner
First read and observe the introductory information
and safety warnings Follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer
when cleaning your vehicle using a high-pressure cleaner. This applies in particular
to the pressure and the spraying distance .
Maintain sufficient distance fro ...
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Flat spots caused by storage or handling
Flat spots caused by hard braking