Volkswagen Golf Service & Repair Manual: EU tyre label, categories
Rolling resistance
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Defined as, energy consumed by the tyre in respect of the
distance travelled. |
Equates to the energy lost per defined unit of distance
travelled. |
The energy form can be described as the quotient of Newton
meter (Nm) and distance travelled in meter (m). This then
provides a rolling resistance as a form of force in Newtons (N). |
The rolling resistance of a tyre is then described by the
coefficient of rolling resistance (also known as rolling
resistance coefficient) cR: |
cR - coefficient of rolling
resistance |
FR - force of rolling resistance |
Z - weight of vehicle (sum of all wheel loads) |
Reduction of rolling resistance |
Reduction of fuel and CO2 |
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Structured in fuel efficiency categories from A to G |
Note
The fuel efficiency category is listed in EU regulation (EC)
No. 1222/2009, the tyre is then allocated to the respective
category. |
The rolling resistance is established by the tyre
manufacture via prescribed tests. |
The lower the rolling resistance, the lower the fuel
consumption. |
A - |
Lowest rolling resistance = lowest fuel consumption |
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The wet grip index G must be established for the wet grip.
The wet grip index G is established using a deceleration test
(distance required to decelerate from 80 km/h to 20 km/h) using
a standardised vehicle on a wet slippery surface. The test uses
a predefined standard reference test tyre (SRTT), with which the
wet grip index G can be calculated. The calculation uses the
mean fully developed deceleration (mfdd) produced. |
The mean fully developed deceleration (mfdd) is calculated
as follows: |
S - the measured braking distance in metres between 80 km/h
and 20 km/h |
The wet grip index G is calculated as follows: |
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G =
mfdd of tyre
to be checked |
mfdd of standard reference test tyre |
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mffd - mean fully developed deceleration |
Greatly reduced bake distance |
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Structured in wet grip categories from A to G |
Categories D and G are not used |
Note
The wet grip category is listed in EU regulation (EC) No.
1222/2009, the tyre is then allocated to the respective
category. |
The lower the wet grip index, the shorter the braking
distance. |
A - |
Lowest wet grip index = shortest braking distance |
B - |
3 to 6 m longer braking distance in comparison with category
A |
C - |
3 to 6 m longer braking distance in comparison with category
B |
E - |
3 to 6 m longer braking distance in comparison with category
C |
F - |
3 to 6 m longer braking distance in comparison with category
E |
1 - |
The braking distance between categories A and F can be more
than 18 m when undertaking an emergency stop at 80 km/h. |
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Reduction of pass-by noise |
Measured on outside of vehicle only |
Divided into three categories |
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Three black arcs indicate the worst performance. The tyres
produce a rolling noise that lies below the current limit
according to EU regulation 2001/43/EG. The limit lies above the
limit that has been set for from 2016 according to regulation
(EG) No. 661/2009. |
Two black arcs: The tyre noise limit lies below the limit
that has been set for from 2016 according to regulation (EG) No.
661/2009. |
One black arc: The tyre noise limit lies below the limit
that has been set for from 2016 according to regulation (EG) No.
661/2009, by at least three decibels. |
Note
Reducing the noise level from two arcs to one arc equates to
3 dB, which halves the noise level. |
Note, the external rolling noise of the tyre does not always
correspond with the noise in the vehicle interior. |
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Reducing fuel consumption
Increasing road safety
Reducing traffic noise
The EU tyre label provide ...
Other materials:
Assembly overview – plenum chamber bulkhead
1 -
Plenum chamber bulkhead
q
Removing and installing
→ Chapter
2 -
Hexagon nut
Qty. 2
8.0 Nm
3 -
Seal, plenum chamber bulkhead
...
Service fluids and consumables
First read and observe the introductory information
and safety warnings All service fluids and consumables,
e.g. toothed belts, tyres, coolant, engine oil, spark plugs and vehicle batteries,
are being constantly developed. For this reason, service fluids and consumables
should be replaced ...
Emptying fuel tank if it is more than 3/4
full
Special tools and workshop equipment
required
Fuel extractor -VAS 5190-
Fuel extractor -VAS 5190 A- for E 85 fuel (not shown).
Note
To e ...
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