Volkswagen Golf Service & Repair Manual: Heat always flows from warmer to colder material
Every material consists of a mass of moving molecules. The fast moving molecules of a warmer material loose part of their energy to slower molecules possessing less heat. This slows down the molecules of the warmer material and accelerates those with less heat. This continues until the molecules in both materials are moving at the same speed. They have the same temperature, and no further exchange of heat occurs.
Physical basics
The four known physical states of water also apply to air
conditioning refrigerants.
1 -
Gas (invisible)
2&nbs ...
Pressure and boiling point
The boiling points given in the table below are always based
on an atmospheric pressure of 1 bar. If the pressure on a liquid
is changed, its boiling point changes al ...
Other materials:
Diagonal washout
Diagonal washout on a tyre
Diagonal washout runs at an angle of approx. 45° to the
direction of rotation.
It usually occurs at one point only, but can also occur at
several points around the circumference of the tyre.
...
Checking shock absorbers when removed
Defective shock absorbers can be identified by loud rumbling
noises when driving, caused by wheel hopping, especially on bad
roads. Heavy fluid leakage is an additional visual indication.
Note
Shock absorbers are maintenance-fre ...
Changing headlights over from driving on left to driving on right (gas
discharge headlights for cornering light and LED daytime running light)
If a right-hand drive vehicle is driven in a left-hand drive
country, or vice versa, the headlights must be converted. This
is necessary in order to avoid dazzling oncoming traffic with
the asymmetric low beam headlights.
Note
...
